- 目錄
第1篇 鳳凰古城英文導(dǎo)游辭導(dǎo)游詞
ladies and gentlemen , welcome to fenghuang, the place where we're arriving is 'one of the two most beautiful town in china'----the old town of fenghuang,
it's a very important point that connects huaihua hunan and tongren guizhou together.and it's the hometown of mr shengcongwen.
fenghuang has wonderful natural landscapes,it's very hot for travelling since the old time. even a lot of teleplays were produced here.fenghuang is also a dradle for famous people ,shencongwen and xiongxiling are both spent their childhood here.
now, let's set out to enjoy these fantastic good views.
the former residence of shencongwen
this is the former residence of shencongwen,a very famous auther, archaeologist and historian in china.
lined in the zhongying street in the south part of the fenghuang old town, the residence is a typical spacious ancient countryard with special tectonic style of ming and qing dynasty. walk into the yard, you can find that there is a small patio in the center of the countryard. which is built with red rock. around the patio , there are about 10 rooms which are small but decorated by special carved wooden windows .it's so beautiful.
this countryard is built by mr shen's grandfather in 1866 on dec.28,1902. shencongwen was born in the old countyard.and spent his childhood here. in 1917,when he was 15 years old, mr shen left family and joined the army. from 1917 to 1922, mr shen had lived with soildiers, farmers, workers and some other
common people,and know their tragic lives. this special experience stunned up his enthusiasm of writhing . so in 1919, mr shen went to beijing alone, and began his hard writing . after his series of works west of hunan &fringe town were punished, mr shen became nation -wide well -known.at that time, he was even
as famous as luxun, another famous auther in chiese literature area. it's said that shencongwen is the one who is the most possible to win the prize.
mr shen devoted all his life to writing,his 5-million word works are though as the precious legacy to the world literature.meanwhile, these works are also very
veluable date for researching the history of hunan province and even china.
this 100-years-old countyard was renovated in 1989.the 1st room on the right hane is for displaying mr shen's photos.and what displayed in the 2nd room are mr shen's handwritingarticles.at the left side,you 'll find a list of mr shen's
work of different additions. in the center of the middle room .there is a mr shen's line drawing hanging on the wall. the left fringle room is mr shen's bedroom and another one on the right is full of marble desks and chairs.
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第2篇 南岳大廟英文導(dǎo)游辭導(dǎo)游詞
good morning! ladies and gentlemen:
today we will go and visit the nanyue temple, nanyue temple is situated on the northern tip of nanyue township and at the southern foot of chidi peak. in a layout of nine rows, it is the largest and best-preserved ancient palatial architectural complex of south china. magnificent and splendid with resplendent upturned eaves. inside the east in parallel to eight buddhist palaces on the west, it is indeed a wonder in the history of religion that taoism. buddhism and confucian culture can co-exist within a single temple.
the exact time of the construction of nanyue temple is unknown. it existed asearly as in the qin and han dynastis. originally located on the summit of zhurong peak, the temple was later moved to the mountain foot to facilitate the religious activities. the beginning of the tang dynasty witnessed the formal construction of the heavenly lord huo's temple' the 'heavenly master temple'. so as to enshrine and worship the gods of the five sacred mountains, during the song dynasty the immortal of the hengshan mountain was revered as the 'heavenly master zhaosheng',as a result the temple was gradually expanded and enlarged. since the tang dynasty nanyue temple had beed subject to six fires and 16reconstructions all through the song. yuan, ming and qing dynasties. in the 8th year of emperor guangxu's reign in the qing dynasty (1882 a.d), the imperial court ordered the rbuilding of nanyue temple. which had been ruined by lightning, the project was imitative. copying the styles of the imperial palace. and even to the present day it is still well preserved.
fenced with red-brick walls.nanyue temple ccupies an area of some 70.000 square metres. from north to south lies in sequence nine rows and four courtyards-lingxing gate. kuixing tower. chuan gate. pavilion of imperial study, main hall, dwelling palace and the northern rear exit. the whole architecture complex stretches across on axis extending from south to north with its halls linked up together. the winding corridors and wing-rooms on both sides merge with each other. accentuating the magnificence of the stature of the principal part. on the east side of the main temple there are eight taoist palaces. coordinating with eight buddhist palaces on the west side.
the first row is lingxing gate. two gilded chinese characters 'mountain temple' are shining on the white marble at the top of the gate. the marble gate stands as high as 20 metres with a width of 1.1 metres and is meant to imply that during the past dynasties all the religious activities were officiated by real knowledgeable people. the second row is kuixing tower. the most perfectly preserved ancient stage in human province.with a breadth of 35metres and a length of 12. its fa?ade facing the main palace, the stage is the place where people hold religious activities and perform local operas during pilgrimage. before the tower stands a pair of 2-metre tall stone kylin (chinese unicorn). with their furious eyes widely open. they are like two solemn looking sentinels guarding the tower.
the pebble path under the kuixing tower leads to the third row-main chuan gate. east and west gates. the gateway is made of gray bricks with an awesome depth and height of 15 metres. the courtyard within is filled with dense cypress trees and carpeted with green grass. the fourth row is the pavilion of imperial study. distinguished by its gilded tiles. octagonal doubleeaved roofs and exquisitely-crafted arches. inside the pavilion there is a bixi in the shape of a legendary animal like tortoise. legend has it that bixi is the ninth son of the dragon. the bixi carries an imperial stele on which the full text of on rebuilding nanyue temple was carved in the 47th year of kangxi's reign(1780 a.d.) in the qing dynasty.
the fifth row is jiaying gate. named after the line from the annals of han-books of rites and joys: 'this row is the place where local magistrates and monks welcomed ritual officials dispatched from the capital. after the jiaying gate the sixth row comes into view-tower of imperial study. which is the storehouse of the collection of imperial calligraphies .messages and inscribed boards concerning the past emperors' ritual presentations to the mountain. sweeet osmanthus ahead of the tower submerges the building with its refreshing scent when it blossoms every autumn.
the seventh row is the main palace. surrounded by towering old trees. camphor trees planted in the song dynasty and cypress in the ming dynasty compete with each other in setting off the beauty of the upturned double-roofs and the splendour of the palace. adding tremendous awe to the main palac. as it stands 29.11 metres, its girandeur rivals that of the palace of supreme harmony in the forbidden city in beijing. inside the palace there are 72 stone pilliars, standing for the 72 peaks on the hengshan mountain. the two huge pillars upholding the main roofs were cut out of a whole granite. each weighing 14 tons.
encircled by the balustrades are 144 relief sculptures carved out of white marbles. based on shanhai jing . pillars on the forefront overlap. carved on them are 56 historical and legendary thles . on the square door were carved the images. on the square door were carved the images of the 24 filial sons and the images of the 18 scholars. here tourists can get a rough idea of the age-old chinese confucian and taoist cultures. clay statues-heavenly king zhaosheng and general jin and wu line up in the palace with their impressively dignified look, calling forth in tourists a feeling of profound respect.
the eighth row is the dwelling palacewith double roofs and in perfect harmony with the whole mountain. this structure keeps up the architectural style of the song dynasty and is decorated with coloured drawings and patterns whichare popular among palaces in the north. giving a sense of gorgeousness to this palace. the ninth row is the northern rear exit. the end of the axial architecture, with zhusheng palace to the right and chief god palace to the left, at the back of the exit. a path leads farther into the mountain.
nanyue temple occupies a prominent position in the history of ancient chinese architecture. it carries the grandeur characterized by palaces in the north. and at the same time it smacks of the loveliness featured by gardens in the south. the architectural arrangement of the temple is clearly demarcated and gently modulated. strongly indicating the ingenuity and originality of the craftsmen. its ground and upper layouts are like an eternal musical movement with its own overture, main body and coda. demonstrating the excellence of ancient chinese architecture.
nanyue temple carries a profound cultural connotation. it boasts a large number of clay statues. wood engravings and stone carvings, which are all closely linked up with chinese tradition and culture. over 800 dragons of various sizes, which are the symbol of the chinese nation.can be found everwhere in the temple. the carvings on the roof wood and white marble balustrades are an encyclopedia of ancient history and mythology. there are fairy tales- 'pan gu creating the universe.' 'hou yi shooting the suns', 'jing wei filling up the ocean'¡-; real stories about some historical figures- 'su wu shepherding sheep.' 'sleeping on sticks and tasting the gallbladder.' 'da mo crossing the sea'¡- ; legends extolling filial piety- 'melting the ice with body warmth to catch carps.' 'weeping on the bamboo until it turns into shoots'¡- most of the carvings are the lgends about the earliest ancestors of taoist immortals. as early as in the qing and ming dynasties, clay status, wood engraving and stone carving were reputed as 'the three wonders to the south of the yangtze river.'
all through the dynasties nanyue temple has been a thriving place to hold religious activities both for the feudal imperial courts and the ordinary people. every year the temple greets nearly 1.000.000 pilgrims. the offerings, presentation, titles and other customs are almost the same as they were thousands years ago. there are 'bowing pilgrimage' in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps , and 'hunger pilgrimage' in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps. 'and hunger pilgrimage' in which the pilgrims refrain from food during their trip. more often. pilgrims would set off in throngs. they wear gray clothes with a red cloth attached to their chest reading 'hengshan mountain pilgrimage.' holding buring incenses in hand. those pious pilgrims chant pilgriming theme' to pray for the peace of the nation and the wealth of people, making it a really spectacular scene on the mountain.
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第3篇 韶山英文導(dǎo)游辭導(dǎo)游詞
good morning! ladies and gentlemen:
today, we will go and visit shaoshan, the hometown of chairman mao. shaoshan is a small mountain village about 100km southwest of changsha, the capital of hunan province, with some fairly beautiful scenery and a once typically hunan village atmosphere, shaoshan has been irreparably changed by history. on the 26th december 1893, a baby was born in a little house in this village, to a relatively wealthy peasant couple. the child was to grow up to become china's great helmsman, chairman mao zedong, and it was in this region that he spent his childhood and youth, attending school and helping his father with his work.
as the hometown of the great man of the generation, now shaoshan is one of the important tourist zones in hunan province. the major tourist sites including the former residence of chairman mao, memorial hall of mao zedong, water-dripping cave and steles forest of mao's poems，and so on.
the former residence of chairman mao is the most interesting site. entered through a courtyard, the house is of a sunny yellow, mud brick walls, with a nicely thatched roof, and is found on a wooded hillside, above some lush paddy fields. there are 13 and one half rooms in the former residence, which include one and half central room, a kitchen, a dining room, three family bedrooms and a guest room. within the rooms are various personal effects of mao and his parents, as well as photos from mao's life.
this is the central room, it was used by two families: mao’s family and their neighbor. so we said that there is only one half of the central room belongs to mao’s family. and this is there kitchen, where chairman mao often helped his mother doing some housework in his childhood. go through the kitchen was chairman mao’s parent's bedroom, there are two photos of chairman mao’s parents on the inner wall, and it was in this room where chairman mao was born.
the dripping water cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a very popular destination, possibly because of the fact that mao allegedly spent 11 days here in the early days of the cultural revolution years (1966-76), contemplating the unknown.
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第4篇 內(nèi)蒙古昭君墓導(dǎo)游辭全文導(dǎo)游詞
（行車途中）
各位朋友、女士們、先生們：
大家一路辛苦了，現(xiàn)在各位已經(jīng)到達(dá)了塞外名城呼和浩特，古語說得好，有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎？”在此，我代表內(nèi)蒙古xx旅行社的全體員工對大家的到來表示最熱烈的歡迎，歡迎你們來美麗的內(nèi)蒙古做客，愿美麗的草原給您留下一個深刻的印象！
我們今天參觀的昭君墓，蒙古語為特木爾。烏虎兒，位于呼和浩特南郊9公里處的大黑河畔。現(xiàn)在的昭君墓是70年代重新修筑的，占地面積3.3公頃，墓高33米，墓身呈臺體狀，墓頂建有一座涼亭，是一座人工夯筑的大王丘，是昭君的衣裳冠墓。每年秋季，樹葉枯黃時，昭君墓上依然草木青青所以人們又稱這為青冢”。墓地東側(cè)是歷代名人為昭君墓題寫的碑文，西側(cè)是文物陳列室。登上墓頂，我們會看到連綿不斷的陰山山脈橫貫東西，也會欣賞到呼和浩特市全景。
很多朋友都或多或少地知道王昭君的故事，都知道這位奇女子是中國古代四大美女之一.歷史上把這四大美女分別比喻成沉魚落雁閉月、羞花，她們分別指的是誰呢？噢，陳先生說得對，沉魚”指的西施，閉月”代表的是貂蟬，羞花”暗喻的是楊貴妃，而落雁呢，指的就是王昭君，為什么叫落雁”呢？說起來，還有一個小小的典故呢！傳說昭君出塞路途中，遇到遠(yuǎn)歸的大雁，大雁看到如此美貌的女子，驚呆了，忘記了飛翔，于是，從空中掉了下來，因此昭君有了落雁”的美稱。
比起其他3位美女來，昭君不僅美而且她的也塞在中國歷史上有著極為重要的作用。王昭君，名嬙，西漢南郡秭歸肯人氏，就是現(xiàn)在湖北省秭歸縣。西漢元帝時，昭君以良家子選入掖庭”，所謂良家子”，指的不是醫(yī)、巫、商賈、百工出身。掖庭”就是后宮，昭君入掖庭后級別是待詔”，待”是等待的待字，詔”是言字旁加一個召見的召，由字面上理解，她的地位是比較低的。史書記載，昭君入宮數(shù)歲，不得見御，積悲怨”。
這位小姐問，王昭君既然是中國古代四大美女之一，為什么沒有得到皇帝的寵幸呢？關(guān)于這一點還有一段傳說呢！
相傳漢宮畫師毛延壽給后宮美女畫像，元帝通過畫像選召宮女，對一般宮女來說，她們?nèi)牒髮m后最大的心愿就是得到皇上的恩典，在后宮爭得三千寵愛集于一身”的優(yōu)勢，因此她們紛紛用財物賄賂毛延壽，請他們把自己畫漂亮些。毛畫師受人吹捧慣了，而昭君對這種不正之風(fēng)深有不滿，沒有賄賂毛延壽。于是，畫師便在昭君畫像的眼角底下點了一顆傷夫落淚痣”，大家可別小看這顆痣，在2000多年前的封建觀念中，人們認(rèn)為有這種痣的女人是丈夫的克星，作為封建君主，當(dāng)然不可能寵幸這樣的女子了。這樣，昭君便沒有機(jī)會受寵了。但是，當(dāng)漢元帝看到昭君本人，發(fā)現(xiàn)她并沒有那顆傷夫落淚痣”時，追悔莫及，可惜一切已成定局，無法挽回，只好作罷，其實，這只是一段流傳甚廣的傳說罷了。
公元前33年，昭君為了漢匈兩族的團(tuán)結(jié)友好，請求出行，充當(dāng)漢族的和親使者”，出嫁到塞北，戶負(fù)起進(jìn)行交給她的為鞏固和加強(qiáng)漢匈兩族團(tuán)結(jié)友好的重大政治使命，為民族友好作出了杰出貢獻(xiàn)。在歷史上出塞和親的女子比比皆是，而且大多是位高身貴的宗教室公主，但是，她們的事跡，絕大多數(shù)湮沒在歷史的長河中。
大家都知道昭君的丈夫是匈奴首領(lǐng)呼韓邪單于，單于就是王”的意思，那么昭君怎么樣從一個漢宮宮女變成匈奴的閼氏呢？
這里要從匈奴這一部落說起。匈奴是游牧在蒙古高原最早的少數(shù)民族，它是古葷粥（xūn yù）即嚴(yán)狁（xiǎn yǚn）的后裔，秦漢初之際，匈奴首領(lǐng)冒頓單于統(tǒng)一各部，統(tǒng)一大漠南北廣大地區(qū)。漢初，不斷騷擾漢朝北部邊界一帶。由于當(dāng)時西漢政權(quán)初建，國力微弱，再加上異姓諸王”努力的存在，中央集權(quán)還沒有鞏固，不足以和匈奴對抗。公元前200年，高誼劉邦，發(fā)兵30多萬抗擊匈奴，不想被匈奴40萬精兵圍困在平城白登陸山，就是今天山西省大同市郊外，長達(dá)7天7夜，這就是歷史上有名的白登山之圍”。面對困境，劉邦采納謀士陳平的計策，向單于的瘀氏，就是妻子，賄賂珠寶，才得以逃脫。
白登山之圍后，劉邦派劉敬前往匈奴去結(jié)和親之紙，在此后的六七十年間，和親成為漢朝對待匈奴的一種政策。
漢武帝時期，國力充實到足以抗拒匈奴的時候，便開始采取積極的戰(zhàn)爭方針對抗匈奴，公元前133年和前121年兩次決定性的出擊，使匈奴大敗而歸。張騫出使西域后，西域各國紛紛歸附西漢，共同攻擊匈奴。而在匈奴貴族集團(tuán)內(nèi)部為爭奪單于”這個最高的統(tǒng)治權(quán)力，出現(xiàn)了分裂與內(nèi)訌，最終分裂為南北匈奴兩去，就是郅支單于”和呼韓邪單于”。呼韓邪單于和政敵爭壓最高統(tǒng)治權(quán)，兩次被近出走。面對這樣的局面和困境，呼韓邪單于想到了如果依靠漢朝中央政府的幫助，也許能給自己打出一條政治出路，平定郅支，統(tǒng)一匈奴，扭轉(zhuǎn)局面，但是，等到漢朝消滅了郅支單于之后，呼韓邪單于下場就像郅支單于一樣局勢促使他進(jìn)一步倒向漢朝。于是，從公元前49年開始，呼韓邪單于先后三次入漢韓，求見元帝，表示愿婿漢室以自親”，得到元帝恩準(zhǔn)。元帝將后宮待詔王昭君許配給呼韓邪單于為妻，封號寧胡瘀氏”，于是就有了千古美談?wù)丫鋈?rdquo;。
昭君出塞”這一歷史事件在漢匈關(guān)系上起到了積極的作用，它結(jié)束了漢匈兩族159多年的敵對狀態(tài)，把深受戰(zhàn)爭煎熬折磨的兩族人民從戰(zhàn)爭的火坑里挽救出來，使兩族轉(zhuǎn)入和平友好的關(guān)系。政治方面，匈奴接受漢朝中央政權(quán)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，打破了舊的歷史格局，促成了塞北與中原的統(tǒng)一。而在經(jīng)濟(jì)文化方面，漢匈關(guān)市”暢通，促進(jìn)交流，匈奴人從漢人那里學(xué)會了計算和登記的方法，還學(xué)會了建筑和打井；漢族文化也同樣受到了匈奴文化的影響，比如漢朝政府和民間養(yǎng)馬業(yè)的空前發(fā)達(dá)，就和匈奴馬匹的大量輸入，養(yǎng)馬技術(shù)的傳授分不開。
對于兩族的人民，和平就是一切，昭君出塞，單于附漢為他們帶來了和平與富足?！稘h書》記載邊城晏閉，牛馬布野，三世無犬呔之警，黎庶無干戈之役，”這段話為我們描繪了一幅百姓安居樂業(yè)，生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的幸福圖景。
所以，用歷史唯特主義的觀點看待這一歷史事件，就是它順應(yīng)了時代發(fā)展的趨勢，反映了人民和平安定的愿望，推動了社會生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展，緩和并穩(wěn)定了民族關(guān)系，在兩千年的封建社會中， 這不失為一種明智之舉。
各位團(tuán)友，現(xiàn)今昭君墓已經(jīng)成為內(nèi)蒙古一處重要文物古跡和人們來到達(dá)呼和浩特必游的景點，對于今天的人們，用翦伯贊老先生的話來說是最恰當(dāng)?shù)模蔷褪牵和跽丫巡辉偈且粋€人物，而是民族友好的象征；昭君墓也不再是一座墳?zāi)梗且蛔褡逵押玫募o(jì)念塔”。
女士們、先生們，昭君墓馬上就要到了，就讓我們一齊去參觀這座民族友好的紀(jì)念塔吧！
（雕像前）
各位團(tuán)友，我們面前的這座雕像就是王昭君和呼韓邪單于，大家請看，王昭君溫柔秀麗，柔中帶剛；呼韓邪單于威武粗獷，具有北方少數(shù)民族特有的豪爽氣質(zhì)。這尊雕像的下面刻有蒙漢兩種文字的和親”，再請各位看看，昭君夫婦并騎的馬頭是朝什么方向呢？對這位團(tuán)好猜對了，是西方，為什么朝西方呢？大家能想出來嗎？原來這和昭君出塞的路線有關(guān)，公元前33年他們是從長安出發(fā)向西行至甘肅省慶陽縣，然后經(jīng)陜西榆林，內(nèi)蒙東勝、杭錦旗、包頭市，向漠北方向去了，所以從西安出發(fā)向西走，馬頭當(dāng)然朝西了。好，大家可以在這里拍拍照。
（石碑前）
各位團(tuán)友，這幅碑文是1963年董必武老先生參觀昭君墓時寫的，全詩為昭君自有千秋在，胡漢和親識見高。詞客各抒胸臆懣，舞文弄墨總徒勞。”兩千多年來，許多文人墨客著書立說發(fā)表自己對人生的政治的見解，其中也有一些文人對昭君出塞有消極的看法，面對眾說紛壇，董老毅然站在歷史唯物主義的歷史價值與意義，肯定了昭君人微言輕和親使者的功勞。在當(dāng)時的歷史條件下，和親”是明智之舉，它對于當(dāng)時社會的發(fā)展和安定起到了決定性的作用，順應(yīng)了時代發(fā)展趨勢。文人墨客的惜古哀怨的詩句是徒勞無功的，因為歷史是不可抹殺的，在社會主義中國的民族大家庭中，昭君的千秋”不權(quán)有存在的價值，而且影響范圍越來越廣，它符合了人類社會和平與發(fā)展的主題，使我們更加珍惜今天和平安定的環(huán)境。
（昭君墓前）
女士們、先生們，我們面對的這座大土丘就是昭君墓，最早見于唐代的記載。相傳，昭君死后，漢匈人民都非常悲痛，紛紛趕來送葬，人們用衣裳襟包著土，一包一包地填在她的墳上；由于送葬的人成千上萬，絡(luò)繹不絕，每個人都想多捧幾包土寄托自己的哀思，所以到最后竟壘成了一座形似小山的墳?zāi)埂?nèi)蒙古的昭君墓有若干個，而這座是真正的昭君墓，為什么會有那么多昭君墓呢？因為昭君給人民帶來和平，人民愛戴她，很多人都愿意她埋葬在自己的家鄉(xiāng)，也有的人認(rèn)為她是仙女下凡，叫她昭君娘娘”，附近的百姓都認(rèn)為，在昭君墓前許愿是十分靈驗的，傳說，一對青年夫婦久婚不育，于是便在這里許了愿并且住了一夜，第二年便有了健康的小寶寶。女士們、先生們，就讓我們也在這里許個愿吧！愿民族團(tuán)結(jié)，國家富強(qiáng)。
大家可能要問，王昭君真的葬在這里嗎？事實上這只是昭君的衣裳冠墓，因為古代北方少數(shù)民族貴族死后都采取秘密下葬的方式，墓不立碑，似若不地。其實，昭君埋葬在哪里并不重要。重要的是她為人民的和平作出了貢獻(xiàn)?，F(xiàn)在大家看，墓中間刻有青冢”二字，青冢”就是綠色的墳?zāi)梗钦讶耗沟膭e稱，因為每年秋季，附近的樹都已枯黃，而昭君墓四周卻依然綠草青青，所以又稱青冢”。好了，女士們、先生們，昭君墓就為您介紹到這里，如果您還有什么問題，我們可以講座一下，如果沒有問題，大家可以自由活動，四十分鐘后在車門口集合，謝謝各位。
